Which Document Written By Locke Was About Representative Democracy And Religious Freedom?

The English language Neb of Rights was an human action signed into law in 1689 by William Three and Mary II, who became co-rulers in England after the overthrow of Male monarch James II. The bill outlined specific constitutional and civil rights and ultimately gave Parliament power over the monarchy. Many experts regard the English Bill of Rights as the master law that set up the phase for a constitutional monarchy in England. It's also credited every bit being an inspiration for the U.S. Beak of Rights.

Glorious Revolution

The Glorious Revolution, which took place in England from 1688-1689, involved the ousting of King James II.

Both political and religious motives sparked the revolution. Many English citizens were distrustful of the Catholic male monarch and disapproved of the monarchy's outright power.

Tensions were high between Parliament and the king, and Catholics and Protestants were also at odds.

James II was eventually replaced past his Protestant daughter, Mary, and her Dutch hubby, William of Orange. The two leaders formed a joint monarchy and agreed to requite Parliament more rights and power.

Role of this settlement included signing the English language Beak of Rights, which was formally known every bit "An Deed Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Bailiwick and Settling the Succession of the Crown."

Among its many provisions, the Bill of Rights condemned King James 2 for abusing his power and declared that the monarchy could not rule without consent of the Parliament.

What's in the Beak of Rights?

The English Bill of Rights includes the following items:

A list of King James's misdeeds
13 articles that outlined specific freedoms
Confirmation that William and Mary were rightful successors to the throne of England

In full general, the Bill of Rights limited the power of the monarchy, elevated the status of Parliament and outlined specific rights of individuals.

Some of the key liberties and concepts laid out in the articles include:

Freedom to elect members of Parliament, without the king or queen'south interference
Freedom of speech in Parliament
Liberty from royal interference with the law
Liberty to petition the king
Freedom to carry arms for cocky-defense
Freedom from brutal and unusual penalisation and excessive bail
Freedom from taxation by purple prerogative, without the agreement of Parliament
Freedom of fines and forfeitures without a trial
Liberty from armies being raised during peacetimes

Other important provisions were that Roman Catholics couldn't be male monarch or queen, Parliament should be summoned frequently and the succession of the throne would exist passed to Mary'due south sis, Princess Anne of Denmark and her heirs (than to any heirs of William by a later marriage).

Gyre to Go on

Constitutional Monarchy

The English language Bill of Rights created a constitutional monarchy in England, meaning the king or queen acts as head of state just his or her powers are express by law.

Under this system, the monarchy couldn't rule without the consent of Parliament, and the people were given individual rights. In the mod-twenty-four hours British ramble monarchy, the king or queen plays a largely ceremonial role.

An before historical document, the 1215 Magna Carta of England, is too credited with limiting the powers of the monarchy and is sometimes cited as a precursor to the English language Bill of Rights.

John Locke

Many historians too believe that the ideas of English philosopher John Locke profoundly influenced the content of the Neb of Rights. Locke proposed that the role of the government is to protect its citizens' natural rights.

The Bill of Rights was quickly followed by the 1689 Mutiny Act, which limited the maintenance of a standing army during peacetime to one twelvemonth.

In 1701, the English Bill of Rights was supplemented by England'southward Human activity of Settlement, which was essentially designed to further ensure Protestant succession to the throne.

U.S. Pecker of Rights

The English Bill of Rights encouraged a form of government where the rights and liberties of individuals were protected. These ideas and philosophies penetrated into the colonies of North America.

Many of the themes and philosophies plant in the English language Bill of Rights served as inspirations for principles that were eventually included in the American Declaration of Independence, the Manufactures of Confederation, the U.S. Constitution and, of form, the U.Due south. Bill of Rights.

For example, the 1791 U.Southward. Bill of Rights guarantees freedom of speech, trial past jury and protection from cruel and unusual punishment.

Legacy of the English Pecker of Rights

The English Pecker of Rights has had a long-lasting touch on the role of regime in England. Information technology's also influenced laws, documents and ideologies in the United states of america, Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and other countries.

The act limited the power of the monarchy, but it besides bolstered the rights and liberties of private citizens. Without the English Bill of Rights, the office of the monarchy might be much different than it is today.

There's no question that this i act profoundly affected how the English language government operates and served every bit a stepping stone for modernistic-day democracies.

Sources

The Convention and Bill of Rights, Parliament.uk.
American Neb of Rights, Losal.org.
The Bill of Rights, British Library.
English Bill of Rights 1689, Yale.
The Bill of Rights, Fordham University.
United kingdom'due south Unwritten Constitution, British Library.